AS 1892.2-1992

1-AS 1892.2-1992 PORTABLE LADDERS - TIMBER
4-PREFACE
5-CONTENTS
7-SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
7-1.1 SCOPE
7-1.2 APPLICATION
7-1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
7-1.4 DEFINITIONS
7-1.4.1 Portable timber ladder
7-1.4.2 Domestic ladder
7-1.4.3 Industrial ladder
7-1.4.4 Single ladder
7-1.4.5 Extension ladder
8-1.4.6 Single-sided stepladder
8-1.4.7 Double-sided stepladder
8-1.4.8 Trestle ladder
8-1.4.9 Trestle-backed steps
8-1.4.10 Special-purpose ladder
8-1.4.11 Maximum working length
8-1.4.12 Overlap
8-1.4.13 Stile
8-1.4.14 Rungs and treads
8-1.4.15 Top cap
8-1.4.16 Step surfaces
8-1.4.17 Section
8-1.4.18 Duty rating
8-1.4.19 Load rating
10-SECTION 2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
10-2.1 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
10-2.2 RATINGS
10-2.2.1 Duty rating
10-2.2.2 Load rating
10-2.3 MATERIALS
10-2.3.1 General
10-2.3.2 Species of timber
10-2.3.3 Quality of timber
10-2.4 WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH
10-2.4.1 General
11-2.4.2 Finish
11-2.4.3 Fasteners
11-2.4.4 Fittings
11-2.4.5 Tolerances
11-2.5 STILES
11-2.5.1 Design
11-2.5.2 Manufacture
11-2.5.3 Joints in stiles
11-2.5.4 Grooving of stiles
11-2.5.5 Feet
12-2.6 TREADS AND RUNGS
12-2.6.1 Shape
12-2.6.2 Spacing
12-2.7 MARKING
12-2.7.1 All ladders
12-2.7.2 Double-sided stepladders
12-2.7.3 Wire bound ladders
12-2.7.4 Labels
13-SECTION 3 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR SINGLE LADDERS (INCLUDING CLEATED LADDERS)
13-3.1 LENGTH
13-3.2 STILES
13-3.2.1 Distance between stiles
13-3.2.2 Dimensions of stiles
13-3.3 RUNGS AND CLEATS
13-3.3.1 Materials
13-3.3.2 Dimensions of rungs and cleats
13-3.3.3 Attachment of rungs and cleats to stiles
14-3.4 TIES AND THEIR FITTING
14-3.4.1 Arrangement
14-3.4.2 Material and fixing
15-SECTION 4 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR EXTENSION LADDERS
15-4.1 LENGTH
15-4.2 STILES
15-4.2.1 Distance between stiles
15-4.2.2 Dimensions and overlap
15-4.3 RUNGS
15-4.3.1 Materials
15-4.3.2 Dimensions
15-4.3.3 Attachment of rungs to stiles
15-4.3.4 Ties and their fitting
15-4.4 FITTINGS
15-4.4.1 General
15-4.4.2 Clutch
15-4.4.3 Stop
15-4.4.4 Guide brackets
15-4.5 ROPE AND PULLEY
15-4.5.1 General
15-4.5.2 Load
16-4.5.3 Rope
16-4.5.4 Pulleys
16-4.6 WIRE REINFORCEMENT
16-4.6.1 General
16-4.6.2 Wire
16-4.6.3 Fixing
16-4.6.4 End anchorage
16-4.7 FIBRE-REINFORCED PLASTICS REINFORCEMENT
16-4.7.1 General
16-4.7.2 FRP rod
16-4.7.3 Bonding
16-4.7.4 Anchorage
17-SECTION 5 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR STEPLADDERS
17-5.1 LENGTH
17-5.2 STILES AND BACKLEGS
17-5.2.1 Distance between stiles
17-5.2.2 Dimensions of stiles and back legs
17-5.2.3 Spread between stiles and back legs
17-5.2.4 Battening and bracing of back legs
18-5.2.5 Distance between back legs
18-5.3 TREADS
18-5.3.1 Dimensions
18-5.3.2 Location
18-5.3.3 Surface finish
18-5.3.4 Spacing of treads
18-5.3.5 Attachment of treads to stiles
18-5.4 BRACING OF TREADS IN INDUSTRIAL STEPLADDERS
18-5.5 TOP
18-5.6 BACK SUPPORT PLATE
18-5.6.1 Industrial stepladders
18-5.6.2 Domestic stepladders
18-5.7 HINGES
19-5.8 TIES AND THEIR FITTING IN INDUSTRIAL STEPLADDERS
19-5.8.1 Arrangement
19-5.8.2 Material and fixing
20-SECTION 6 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR PLATFORM STEPLADDERS
20-6.1 LENGTH
20-6.2 STILES AND BACK LEGS
20-6.2.1 Distance between stiles
20-6.2.2 Dimensions of stiles and back legs
20-6.2.3 Spread between stiles and back legs
20-6.2.4 Battening and bracing of back legs
20-6.2.5 Distance between back legs
20-6.3 TREADS
20-6.3.1 Dimensions
21-6.3.2 Location
21-6.3.3 Surface finish
21-6.3.4 Bracing of treads
21-6.4 PLATFORM
21-6.5 HINGES
21-6.6 TIES AND THEIR FITTING
21-6.6.1 Arrangement
21-6.6.2 Materials and fixing
22-SECTION 7 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR TRESTLE LADDERS
22-7.1 LENGTH
22-7.2 STILES
22-7.2.1 Distance between stiles
22-7.2.2 Dimensions
22-7.2.3 Spread between pairs of stiles
22-7.3 CROSS BEARERS
22-7.3.1 Dimensions
22-7.3.2 Spacing of crossbearers
22-7.3.3 Attachment of crossbearers to stiles
22-7.4 HINGES
23-7.5 CHECK BLOCKS
23-7.6 TIES AND THEIR FITTING
23-7.6.1 Arrangement
23-7.6.2 Materials and fixing
24-SECTION 8 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR DOMESTIC EXTENSION STEPLADDERS
24-8.1 LENGTH
24-8.2 STILES
24-8.2.1 Distance between stiles
24-8.2.2 Dimensions and overlap
24-8.2.3 Spread between front stiles and back stiles
24-8.3 TREADS AND RUNGS
24-8.3.1 Dimensions of treads
24-8.3.2 Dimensions of rungs
24-8.3.3 Location of treads
24-8.3.4 Surface finish
24-8.3.5 Attachment of treads and rungs to stiles
24-8.3.6 Bracing of treads
25-8.4 FITTINGS
25-8.4.1 General
25-8.4.2 Stop
25-8.4.3 Spread between stiles
25-8.5 TOP
26-SECTION 9 TIMBER LADDERS HAVING STILES OF TIMBER OTHER THAN DOUGLAS FIR
26-9.1 APPLICATION
26-9.2 MATERIALS
26-9.3 DIMENSIONS
26-9.3.1 Component spacing
26-9.3.2 Unreinforced stile dimensions
26-9.3.3 Reinforced stile dimensions
27-APPENDIX A - METHODS OF GRADING TIMBER STILES
27-A1 SCOPE
27-A2 VISUAL GRADING
28-A3 VISUAL GRADING AND PROOF DEFLECTION TESTS METHOD
28-A3.1 General
28-A3.2 Visual grading
28-A3.3 Proof deflection
29-A4 MECHANICAL STRESS GRADING
31-APPENDIX B - EXAMPLES OF LABELS USED FOR ADDITIONAL SAFETY WARNINGS
33-APPENDIX C - DERIVATION OF EQUATIONS FOR EXTREME FIBRE STRESS
33-C1 GENERAL
33-C2 EQUATIONS FOR BENDING MOMENT
33-C2.1 Bending moment due to mass of ladder
33-C2.2 Bending moment due to the mass of the user
33-C2.3 Maximum bending moment
33-C3 EQUATIONS FOR EFFECTIVE SECTION MODULUS
33-C3.1 Stiles having circular holes for rungs
34-C3.2 Stile having transverse grooves for treads
34-C4 DERIVATION OF WORKING EQUATIONS
34-C4.1 For stiles having circular holes for rungs
34-C4.2 For stiles having transverse grooves for treads